numismatic references
Kushanshah
Alram IP = Michael Alram, Iranisches Personennamenbuch: Nomina Propria Iranica In Nummis, Osterreichischen Akademie Der Wissenschaften, Wien (1986)
Bivar 1998 = A. D. H. Bivar, 'The Sasanian Princes at Bamiyan,' The Art and Archaeology of Ancient Persia - New Light on the Parthian and Sasanian Empires, I. B. Taurus, London (1998)
Brunner 1974 = Christopher J. Brunner, 'The Chronology of the Sasanian Kushanshahs,' American Numismatic Society, Museum Notes 19, American Numismatic Society, New York (1974)
Burns 1998 = Craig Alden Burns, 'Cracking the Kushana Code,' Ex Moneta: Essays on Numismatics, History and Archaeology in honour of Dr. David W. MacDowall (Volume 1), Harman Publishing House, New Delhi (1998)
CAC = Michael Alram and Deborah Klimburg-Salter, Editors, Coins, Art and Chronology: Essays on the Pre-Islamic History of the Indo-Iranian Borderlands, Osterreichischen Akademie Der Wissenschaften, Wien (1999)
Carter 1985 = Martha L. Carter, 'A Numismatic Reconstruction of Kushano-Sasanian History,' American Numismatic Society Museum Notes 30, The American Numismatic Society, New York (1985)
Carter 1990 = Martha L. Carter, 'Early Sasanian and Kushano-Sasanian Coinage from Merv,' Bulletin of the Asia Institute, Volume 4, Asia Institute, Bloomfield Hills, MI (1990)
Carter 1995 = Martha L. Carter, 'OEShO or Shiva', Bulletin of the Asia Institute, Volume 9, Asia Institute, Bloomfield Hills, MI (1995)
Cribb 1990 = Joe Cribb, 'Numismatic Evidence for Kushano-Sasanian Chronology,' Studia Iranica 19 (1990)
Cribb 1997 = Joe Cribb, 'Shiva Images on Kushan and Kushano-Sasanian Coins,' Studies In Silk Road Coins and Culture, The Institute of Silk Road Studies, Kamakura (1997)
Cribb CH VII FH = Joe Cribb, 'Some Further Hoards of Kushano-Sasanian and Late Kushan Coppers,' Coin Hoards: Volume VII, The Royal Numismatic Society, London (1985)
Cribb CH VI Gandharan = Joe Cribb, 'Gandharan Hoards of Kushano-Sasanian and Late Kushan Coppers,' Coin Hoards: Volume VI, The Royal Numismatic Society, London (1981)
Cribb CH VII IKC = Joe Cribb, 'Imitations of Kushan Copper Coins,' Coin Hoards: Volume VII, The Royal Numismatic Society, London (1985)
Cribb CH VII Mashra = Joe Cribb, 'The Late Kushan Type Gold of Mashra,' Coin Hoards: Volume VII, The Royal Numismatic Society, London (1985)
Cunningham 1893 = Alexander Cunningham, Later Indo-Scythians, Indological Book House, India (1962 (1893))
Curiel/Schlumberger 1953 = Raoul Curiel and Daniel Schlumberger, Tresors Monetaires D'Afghanistan, Memoires De La Delegation Archeologique Francaise En Afghanistan, Paris (1953)
de Morgan MNO = Jacques de Morgan, Manuel de Numismatique Orientale de L'Antiquite et du Moyen Age, Obol International, Chicago (1979 (1923))
Errington 2000 = Elizabeth Errington, 'Numismatic Evidence for Dating the Buddhist Remains of Gandhara,' Silk Road Art and Achaeology, Volume 6, The Institute of Silk Road Studies, Kamakura (2000)
EM MacDowall = Amal Kumar Jha and Sanjay Garg, Editors, Ex Moneta: Essays on Numismatics, History and Archaeology in honour of Dr. David W. MacDowall (Volume 1), Harman Publishing House, New Delhi (1998)
Frye 1974 = Richard N. Frye, 'Napki Malka and the Kushano-Sasanians,' Near Eastern Numismatics, Iconography, Epigraphy and History - Studies in Honor of George C. Miles, American University of Beirut (1974)
Gobl Hunnen = Robert Gobl, Dokumente Zur Geschichte Der Iranischen Hunnen In Baktrien Und Indien, Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden (1967)
Gobl Kushan = Robert Gobl, Munzpragung des Kusanreiches, Verlag Der Osterreichischen Akademie Der Wissenschaften, Wien (1984)
Gobl 1981 = Robert Gobl, 'Iranish-Hunnische Munzen, 1. Nachtrag,' Iranica Antiqua XVI, In Memorium Roman Ghirshman (2), Gent (1981)
Gobl 1983 = Robert Gobl, 'Supplementa Orientalia I,' Litterae Numismaticae Vindobonenses 2, Osterreichischen Akademie Der Wissenschaften, Wien (1983)
Gobl 1987/1 = Robert Gobl, 'Supplementa Orientalia II,' Litterae Numismaticae Vindobonenses 3, Osterreichischen Akademie Der Wissenschaften, Wien (1987)
Gobl 1987/2 = Robert Gobl, 'Die Numismatik als Quelle zur Kunst der Sasaniden, der Kushan und der Iranischen Hunnen,' Bulletin of the Asia Institute, Volume 1, Asia Institute, Bloomfield Hills, MI (1987)
Gobl 1993 = Robert Gobl, 'Supplementa Orientalia III,' Quaderni Ticinesi Di Numismatica e Antichita Classiche 22, (1993)
Gupta/Kulashreshtha = Parmeshwari Lal Gupta and Sarojini Kulashreshtha, Kushana Coins and History, DK Printworld, New Delhi (1993)
Gupta 1998 = Parmeshwari Lal Gupta, 'Kushana Vasudeva and Successors,' Ex Moneta: Essays on Numismatics, History and Archaeology in honour of Dr. David W. MacDowall (Volume 1), Harman Publishing House, New Delhi (1998)
Hamidi/Adams 1997 = Hakim Hamidi and Lawrence Adams, 'Recent Counterfeits Of Kushano-Sasanian Dinars,' SAN Journal, Vol. XX, Society For Ancient Numismatics, Panorama City, CA (1997)
Loginov/Nikitin 1993 = Sergej D. Loginov and Alexandr B. Nikitin, 'Sasanian Coins of the Third Century From Merv; Coins of Shapur II From Merv; Coins of the Late 4th-7th Centuries From Merv,' Mesopotamia, Volume XXVIII, Universita Di Torino, Casa Editrice Le Lettere, Firenze (1993)
Malandra 1981 = Geri Hockfield Malandra, 'Transitional Style in the Shiva Images on Kushana Gold Coins,' American Numismatic Society Museum Notes 26, The American Numismatic Society, New York (1981)
Mitchiner ACW = Michael Mitchiner, Oriental Coins, the Ancient and Classical World, Hawkins Publications, London (1978)
Mitchiner ECCA = Michael Mitchiner, The Early Coinage of Central Asia, Hawkins Publications, London (1973)
Mitchiner NIS = Michael Mitchiner, Non-Islamic States and Western Colonies, Hawkins Publications, London (1979)
Mitchiner 1975/2 = Michael Mitchiner, 'Some Late Kushano-Sassanian and Early Hephthalite Silver Coins,' East and West, New Series, Vol. 25 - Nos. 1-2, Istituto Italiano Per Il Medio Ed Estreme Oriente (1975)
Mitchiner 1980 = Michael Mitchiner, 'A Kushano-Sassanian Drachm of Varahran Kushanshah Bearing Shapur II's Bust,' Numismatic Circular, Spink, London (1980)
NEN Miles = Dickran K. Kouymjian, Editor, Near Eastern Numismatics, Iconography, Epigraphy and History - Studies in Honor of George C. Miles, American University of Beirut (1974)
Nikitin 1999 = Alexander Nikitin,'Notes On the Chronology of the Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom,' Coins, Art and Chronology: Essays on the Pre-Islamic History of the Indo-Iranian Borderlands, Osterreichischen Akademie Der Wissenschaften, Wien (1999)
Nisbet 1998 = John O. Nisbet, 'Magnetic Reaction In Copper Coins of the Kushana Period,' Ex Moneta: Essays on Numismatics, History and Archaeology in honour of Dr. David W. MacDowall (Volume 1), Harman Publishing House, New Delhi (1998)
Oddy/Cribb 1998 = W. A. Oddy and Joe Cribb, 'Debasement and Sequence of Late Kushana Gold Coins,' Ex Moneta: Essays on Numismatics, History and Archaeology in honour of Dr. David W. MacDowall (Volume 1), Harman Publishing House, New Delhi (1998)
Rapson = E. J. Rapson, Indian Coins, Indological Book House, India (1969)
Rosenfield = John M. Rosenfield, The Dynastic Arts of the Kushans, University of California Press, Berkeley (1967)
Sims-Williams 1997 = Nicholas Sims-Williams, New Light On Ancient Afghanistan - The Decipherment of Bactrian, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London (1997). Online at: Sims-Williams 1997
Sims-Williams 1999 = Nicholas Sims-Williams, 'From the Kushan-Shahs to the Arabs - New Bactrian documents dated in the era of the Tochi inscriptions,' Coins, Art and Chronology: Essays on the Pre-Islamic History of the Indo-Iranian Borderlands, Osterreichischen Akademie Der Wissenschaften, Wien (1999)
Singh = Arvind K. Singh, Coins of the Great Kushans, Parimal Publications, Delhi (1996)
Tanabe 1998 = Katsumi Tanabe, 'A Newly Located Kushano-Sasanian Silver Plate: The Origin of the Royal Hunt on Horseback for Two Male Lions on 'Sasanian' Silver Plates,' The Art and Archaeology of Ancient Persia - New Light on the Parthian and Sasanian Empires, I. B. Taurus, London (1998)
Tanabe 2001 = K. Tanabe, 'A Kushano-Sasanian Silver Plate and Central Asian Tigers,' Silk Road Art and Achaeology, Volume 7, The Institute of Silk Road Studies, Kamakura (2001)
Tyler-Smith 1997 = Susan Tyler-Smith, 'Kushano-Sasanian Small Bactrian Copper Coins: Some Refinements,' ONS Newsletter No. 151, Oriental Numismatic Society (1997)
Whitehead 1914 = R. B. Whitehead, Catalogue of Coins in the Panjab Museum, Lahore, Argonaut, Chicago (1969 (1914))
Wilson 1841 = H. H. Wilson, Ariana Antiqua: A Descriptive Account of the Antiquities and Coins of Afghanistan, Munshiram Manoharlal, New Delhi (1997 (1841))
Zeymal 1983 = Evgeniy V. Zeymal, Drevnie Monety Tadzhikistana, Akademia Nauka Tadzhikistana CCP, Dushanbe (1983)